Cooling System

GENERAL INFORMATION

The cooling system is a closed type and includes a radiator, thermostat, centrifugal coolant pump, electric cooling fan, hoses and switches. The pump is driven by a V-belt from the crankshaft pulley.

The system operates as follows. Coolant is supplied by the water pump to the cylinder block and cylinder head, then passes through the intake manifold, heater core and carburetor to the thermostat housing.

When the engine is cold, coolant returns from the thermostat housing to the water pump. When the coolant reaches a set temperature, the thermostat opens and coolant flows through the upper hose to the radiator. While the coolant circulates through the radiator, it is cooled by airflow as the vehicle moves. If necessary, the electric fan also assists in cooling the coolant. After reaching the lower part of the radiator, the coolant is cooled and the cycle repeats.

At normal engine operating temperature, the coolant expands, and part of it flows through a small hose connected to the radiator filler neck into the coolant reservoir. After the system cools, the coolant collected in the reservoir returns to the radiator.

On some models, coolant also flows through the oil cooler.

The electric cooling fan(s), located in front of the radiator, is controlled by a thermoswitch. At a specified coolant temperature, the switch turns the fan on. Warning: Do not attempt to remove the radiator filler cap or disconnect any part of the cooling system while the engine is hot, as there is a high risk of scalding. If the radiator cap must be removed before the engine and radiator have fully cooled (although this is not recommended), first release the pressure in the cooling system. To avoid scalding, cover the cap with a thick cloth and slowly turn it counterclockwise until hissing is heard. When the hissing stops, indicating that pressure has been released, continue slowly turning the cap until it can be removed. If hissing occurs again, wait until it stops completely. Keep your face and hands at a safe distance from the opening at all times while removing the cap.

Do not allow antifreeze to contact your skin or the painted surfaces of the vehicle. Immediately flush spilled fluid with water. Never leave antifreeze in an open container near you, or allow it to form a puddle on the road or on the garage floor. Children and pets are attracted by the sweet smell of antifreeze, and if ingested, it can be fatal.

If the engine is hot, the electric cooling fan may start to rotate even when the engine is not running. Keep your hands, hair and loose clothing away from the engine when working on it.

See Subsection 5.2 for precautions when working on models equipped with air conditioning.