General Towing Definitions

The following definitions related to towing a trailer will help you understand the following information:

GVWR is the total allowable weight of your vehicle. This includes the driver, passengers, cargo, and tongue weight. The total load must be limited so that you do not exceed the GVWR.

Gross Trailer Weight (GTW)

GTW is the weight of the trailer plus the weight of all cargo, consumables, and equipment (permanent or temporary) loaded in or on the trailer in its "loaded and ready for operation" condition.

Recommended method of measuring GTW: Place the fully loaded trailer on a vehicle scale. The entire weight of the trailer must be supported by the scale.

Gross Combined Weight Rating (GCWR)

GCWR is the total allowable weight of your vehicle and trailer when weighed as a combination.

Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR)

GAWR is the maximum load capacity of the front and rear axles. Distribute the load evenly between the front and rear axles. Make sure you do not exceed either the front or rear GAWR.

Tongue Weight (TW)

TW is the downward force exerted on the trailer hitch ball by the trailer. You must consider this as part of the load on your vehicle.

Frontal Area

Frontal area is the maximum height multiplied by the maximum width of the front of the trailer.

Trailer Sway Control (TSC) — If Equipped

TSC is a telescoping link that can be installed between the receiver hitch and the trailer tongue. It normally provides an adjustable friction that is associated with telescoping motion to reduce any undesirable trailer sway during travel.

Load-Carrying Hitch

A load-carrying hitch supports the trailer tongue weight as if it were luggage placed on the hitch ball or some other connection point on the vehicle. Such hitches are typically used for towing small and medium-sized trailers.

Weight-Distributing Hitch

A weight-distributing hitch works by applying leverage through spring (load-distributing) bars. These are typically used for heavier loads to distribute the trailer tongue weight across the front axle of the tow vehicle and the axle(s) of the trailer. When used according to the manufacturer's instructions, it provides a more level ride, offering more consistent steering and braking control, thus improving towing safety. Adding friction/hydraulic sway control also dampens sway caused by vehicle motion and crosswinds, and positively affects the stability of the tow vehicle and trailer. Trailer sway control and weight distribution (load leveling) hitches are recommended for heavier tongue weights (TW) and may be required depending on the vehicle and trailer configuration/loading in accordance with the Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR) requirements.

• Improperly adjusted weight distribution hitch system can reduce handling, stability, braking efficiency, and may result in a collision.
• Weight distribution systems are not compatible with surge brake couplers. Consult the manufacturer of your hitch and trailer or an authorized recreational vehicle dealer for more information.