Kia Forte: Body Electrical System / Front Camera System

Components and Component Location

Components

[4DR]

1. LKA ON/OFF Switch
2. Instrument Cluster

3. Front View Camera

[5DR]

1. LKA ON/OFF Switch
2. Instrument Cluster

3. Front View Camera

Description and Operation

Description

System Block Diagram

System Features

The LKA camera module processes the following functions using the input video signal.

1
LKA (Lane Keeping Assist): The system is designed to help recognize the lane ahead and provide a warning when the vehicle begins to drift out of its lane, using camera images and vehicle information signals.
2
High Beam Assist (HBA): Detects the headlights and taillights of vehicles ahead and turns the high beams on/off.
3
Driver Attention Warning (DAW): Provides a quick alert and warning message through analysis of the driving pattern.
4
Highway Driving Assist (HDA): An integrated control function that maintains the distance to the vehicle ahead and keeps the vehicle in the lane on the highway through interaction with the SCC radar.

Lane Keep Assist (LKA)	High Beam Assist (HBA)

Lane Keeping System	When light from a vehicle ahead is detected

Driver Attention Warning (DAW)	Highway Driving Assist (HDA)

Alert when the driver is not paying attention to driving.	Steering and speed control on the highway.

System Activation Conditions

Typical Operating Conditions of the LKA Controller

Note that the operating conditions are adapted to customer requirements.

Vehicle speed within 60–175 km/h
Lane markings are clearly visible.
The driver does not overload the system by applying high torque to the steering wheel.
Turn signals (including hazard lights) are off.
Lane width from 2.8 m to 4.3 m.
The driver's hands are on the steering wheel.
Absolute steering wheel angle is less than the specified value (e.g., 90 degrees).
The maximum allowable time for applying maximum torque has not been exceeded (90 seconds).
Reverse or city mode of EPS is not engaged.
There is no system malfunction.

The HBA activation conditions are as follows:

HBA is activated when the light switch is in the "AUTO" position and the high beam switch is turned on (pressed).
HBA is activated when the function is enabled and vehicle speed is 45 km/h or higher, and is automatically deactivated when vehicle speed is 35 km/h or lower.
HBA does not activate during daytime, even if the activation conditions are met.
At night, HBA detects the light of vehicles ahead and automatically turns the high beams on or off.

The DAW activation conditions are as follows:

This function must be enabled in the User Setting Mode (USM) of the cluster.
The function must be enabled and vehicle speed must be 60 – 175 km/h.

Repair Procedures

Adjustment

Option Coding Procedures

1
When the front camera module is replaced with a new one, option coding is required because the vehicle must learn the option specifications of the original vehicle.
2
Complete the option coding procedure by following the instructions on the connected KDS screen.

Service Point Target Automatic Calibration (SPTAC)

The SPTAC front view camera calibration provides a procedure for calibrating the camera by aligning the calibration target (SST: 09890-3V100) with the vehicle on a level surface.

If calibration is not completed within the specified tolerance, the front view camera displays a "System Out of Calibration" DTC.

1
Correct Alignment Method of the Calibration Target
1. To perform the front view camera calibration successfully, install the calibration target as follows:
  - Install the target (SST: 09890-3V100) perpendicular to the ground and facing the camera, referring to the tolerance angles below.
  Caution
  - The ±1° tolerance for the left and right gradient is very important and is sensitive to the flatness of the ground.
  - Install the compensator vertically using a laser level (SST: 09958-3T060 or 09964-C1200).
  - Position the laser level (A) at the center of the vehicle, aligned with the center of the roof above the windshield (same for both short and long distance calibration).
2. Project the laser from the center of the roof to the center of the target, passing through the center of the emblem.
  
  * The laser level must be set to "ON", and the hold (lock) function must not be used.
  NOTE
  - Mount the target on rigid backing material to meet the flatness requirements.
  - The target must have reflective markings (not faded or poorly painted) that differ from lane markings.
  - Target is 30 cm wide and 100 cm high.
  - The installation area must NOT have hatching or text markings near the target.
  - The target must be well lit with constant lighting for optimal operation. There must be no solid shadows cast on the target.
  - The light must be directed at the target; the front of the target must be brighter than the rear of the target and the target.

Service Point Target Automatic Calibration (SPTAC) Procedure

It is recommended to check the vehicle wheel alignment and tire pressure to ensure correct camera alignment to the "world" before proceeding with calibration.

The vehicle used for the calibration procedure must be at its rated production load capacity.
The windshield must be clean and free of silkscreen so that there is no obstruction to the camera.
The service technician connects the diagnostic connector and starts the vehicle. The MFC must not be activated by pressing the switch.
The service calibration procedure may not work correctly if a system-level fault is active.
When working with a replacement ECU: the service technician initiates the SPTAC reset configuration.

The service technician aligns either the vehicle to the target or the target to the vehicle.

a.	Locate the bottom of the target at a height of 90 cm from the ground (max. tolerance: 1 cm). NOTE Position so that the center axis of the target and the center axis of the vehicle coincide (max. tolerance: 3 cm).

b.	Locate the near target (A) so that it is 0 cm (B) from the front of the bumper (max. tolerance: 5 cm).

b.	Locate the far target (C) at 100 cm (D) in front of the bumper (max. tolerance: 5 cm). NOTE The horizontal direction tolerance angle of the target is ±10°. The vertical direction tolerance angle of the target is ±5°. The tolerance angle of the target at the front center is ±1°.

The service technician must perform short-distance calibration after checking the target location and the "OK" message on the KDS.
The service technician must perform long-distance calibration after checking the target location and the "OK" message on the KDS (perform calibration twice: short and long distance).
Clear the diagnostic trouble codes.
Restart after turning off the engine.

Test Drive

NOTE

LKA may not activate properly under the following conditions.

LKA may not activate properly if:

It is difficult to distinguish the lane from the road due to dust accumulated on the lane.
It is difficult to distinguish the lane line color from the road.
There is a marking near the line that resembles a lane line.
The lane line is unclear or damaged.
The number of lanes increases or decreases, or lane lines intersect (driving through a toll gate, toll plaza, road merge, or diverging area, etc.).
There are more than two lanes.
The lane is very wide or narrow.
The lane is not visible due to snow, rain, stains, puddles, or other factors.
Shadows of objects (median strip, guardrail, noise barriers, etc.) surrounding the road are cast on the lane.
The lane is congested or is replaced by a structure in a building area.
There are indications on the road surface, such as a crosswalk or road signs.
The lane inside a tunnel is covered with dust or oil.
The outside brightness changes abruptly, such as when entering or exiting a tunnel.
The headlights are not on at night or in a tunnel, or the illuminance level is low.
There is a boundary structure.
Light, such as from a street lamp, sunlight, or the headlights of an oncoming vehicle, is reflected from water on the road.
Driving with the sun in front of you.
Driving in a bus-only lane or in the left/right lane.
The lane suddenly disappears in certain places, such as at an intersection.
The distance to the vehicle ahead is very short, or vehicles are blocking the lane line.
Driving on a steep slope or a sharp curve.
The vehicle is vibrating excessively.
The temperature around the inside rearview mirror is high due to direct sunlight.
The lens or windshield is covered with foreign substances.
The sensor cannot detect the lane due to fog, heavy rain, or heavy snow.
The windshield is fogged up due to humid air inside the vehicle.
Placing anything on the crash pad.

NOTE

LKA may not activate properly in the following cases:

LKA is a system that helps prevent unintentional lane departure and assists with steering. Never rely solely on the steering assist system, and the driver must always take the necessary precautions to ensure safety.
The driver is responsible for being aware of surroundings and operating the vehicle safely.
Do not turn the steering wheel abruptly while the steering wheel is being assisted by the system.
LKA helps prevent the driver from unintentionally drifting out of the lane, assisting the driver in steering the vehicle.
LKA does not operate if the camera cannot detect the lane or if the vehicle speed does not exceed 64 km/h.
Do not disassemble the MFC temporarily for window tinting or attach any type of coatings or accessories.
Do not allow water or liquid to get on the MFC.
Do not remove MFC components or damage the MFC by strong impact.
Do not place light-reflecting objects on the airbag cover.
Excessive noise may prevent the LKA warning signal from being heard.

Front Camera System

Components and Component Location

Components

[4DR]

[5DR]

Description and Operation

Description

Repair Procedures

Adjustment

Test yourself