Charging System - General Information

The charging system components include the alternator, the voltage regulator built into it, the charge warning lamp, the storage battery, the fusible link, and the wiring connecting these components. The charging system supplies electrical power to the ignition system, lighting and signaling devices, radio, and other electrical loads.

The alternator is driven by a V-belt from the crankshaft pulley and is installed at the front of the engine. For additional information on the electrical connections of the charging system components, refer to the wiring diagrams.

The Powertrain Control Module (PCM) adjusts the alternator output voltage based on the current values of its input parameters (engine speed, vehicle speed, engine coolant temperature, number of electrical loads switched on, and intake air temperature). The main purpose of this system is to minimize the load on the engine.

The function of the voltage regulator is to limit the alternator output voltage within specified limits. The regulator prevents circuit overloads and other problems associated with voltage surges.

The charging system does not require regular maintenance. However, periodically inspect the alternator drive belt, the battery, the connecting wiring, and its terminal connections (refer to Maintenance and Tune-Up).

The charge warning lamp mounted in the instrument cluster illuminates briefly when the ignition switch is turned to the ON position. The lamp must go out immediately after the engine starts. If the lamp remains on, there is a malfunction in the charging system (refer to Charging System Diagnosis).

On some models, a voltmeter is additionally installed in the instrument cluster, allowing the driver to monitor system voltage deviations in time. If the voltmeter reading goes outside the permissible range, inspect the charging system (refer to Charging System Diagnosis).

The fusible link is a short length of insulated wire built into the main engine compartment wiring harness. The total conductor cross-section of the link is several times smaller than that of the circuit it protects, which ensures reliable protection of the circuit against overload.