Description and Operation - Engine - Overview
Overview
The 2.5 L 4-cylinder engine has the following features:
- Dual overhead camshafts
- Four valves per cylinder
- SFI
- Composite intake manifold
- Aluminum cylinder head
- Aluminum cylinder block
- Electronic coil-on-plug ignition system with 4 ignition coils
Engine Identification
Always refer to these labels when installing new parts or when verifying engine calibration. Engine parts often differ within the CID (cubic inch displacement) family. Checking the identification codes will ensure that the correct parts are obtained. These codes contain all relevant information regarding dates, optional equipment and modifications.
Engine Code Label
The engine code label, located on the front side of the valve cover, contains the following:
| Item | Description |
|---|---|
| 1 | Engine part number |
| 2 | Chihuahua engine plant |
| 3 | Engine displacement |
| 4 | Bar code |
| 5 | Serial number |
| 6 | Engine build date (YYMMDD) |
| 7 | Plant shift line |
| 8 | Bar code |
Engine Cylinder Identification
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System Operation
Lubrication System
The engine lubrication system operates as follows:
- Oil is drawn into the oil pump through the oil pump screen cover and the pickup tube in the oil pan.
- Oil is pumped through the oil filter located on the front left side of the cylinder block.
- Oil flows into the main oil gallery, where it is distributed to the crankshaft main journals and to the cylinder head.
- From the main journals, oil is directed through drilled passages in the crankshaft to lubricate the connecting rod bearings. Controlled leakage from the crankshaft main bearings and connecting rod bearings is directed radially outward to cool and lubricate the cylinder walls, as well as the entire connecting rod, piston and piston ring assembly.
Valvetrain
The valvetrain uses direct acting mechanical bucket tappets (DAMB). The camshaft lobes are located directly above the mechanical bucket tappets, which are located above the valves.
Induction System
The iVCT system allows control of intake valve closing, which optimizes combustion at full load, providing increased power and low-speed torque (broadening of the torque curve). It also allows valve overlap, which provides better fuel economy and emissions and an optimized cold start mode with improved exhaust emissions.
Test yourself
A quick Ford Escape quiz: every answer comes with an explanation and a link to the manual page.